The discovery of <i>Podocarpium</i> from the Miocene of Qaidam Basin and its biogeographic implication

WANG Xuelian; MIAO Yunfa; NIU Gaihong; ZHOU Yingying; YANG Yongheng; ZHANG Teng; ZHAO Yongtao; MENG Qingquan; SONG Chunhui; ZHANG Yang

doi:10.11928/j.issn.1001-7410.2024.06.02

2024 Vol. 44, No. 6

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Article navigation > Quaternary Sciences > 2024 > 44(6): 1482-1494

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WANG Xuelian, MIAO Yunfa, NIU Gaihong, ZHOU Yingying, YANG Yongheng, ZHANG Teng, ZHAO Yongtao, MENG Qingquan, SONG Chunhui, ZHANG Yang. The discovery of Podocarpium from the Miocene of Qaidam Basin and its biogeographic implication[J]. Quaternary Sciences, 2024, 44(6): 1482-1494. doi: 10.11928/j.issn.1001-7410.2024.06.02

Citation:

WANG Xuelian, MIAO Yunfa, NIU Gaihong, ZHOU Yingying, YANG Yongheng, ZHANG Teng, ZHAO Yongtao, MENG Qingquan, SONG Chunhui, ZHANG Yang. The discovery of Podocarpium from the Miocene of Qaidam Basin and its biogeographic implication[J]. Quaternary Sciences, 2024, 44(6): 1482-1494. doi: 10.11928/j.issn.1001-7410.2024.06.02

The discovery of Podocarpium from the Miocene of Qaidam Basin and its biogeographic implication

1.
Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu
2.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049
3.
Key Laboratory of Resources Environment and Sustainable Development of Oasis, College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu
4.
College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu
Fund Project:
国家自然科学基金项目(批准号: 42202029和42271176)、国家自然科学基金国际(地区)合作与交流项目(批准号: 42161144012)、科技部第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(批准号: 2019QZKK0707)、中国科学院"西部之光-西部交叉团队"重点实验室专项项目(批准号: xbzg-zdsys-202204)和甘肃省自然科学基金项目(批准号: 24JRRA087)共同资助

More Information

Corresponding author: MIAO Yunfa, E-mail: miaoyunfa@lzb.ac.cn

Received Date: 02 September 2024

Revised Date: 05 October 2024

Publish Date: 30 November 2024

Abstract

Abstract

Podocarpium is an extinct genus of the family Fabaceae that was widely distributed in the Eurasian continent during Cenozoic. But the lack of fossil evidence from key regions and critical time points limits the understanding of its evolutionary and distributional history. In this study, we focus on the Middle Miocene Podocarpium of the Naoge section in the Qaidam Basin, located in the northeastern of the Tibetan Plateau. By integrating global fossil records from the Cenozoic, this paper provides a comprehensive overview of the biogeographical history of the genus and discusses how environmental changes influenced its evolution, based on accurately dated specimens from the Tibetan Plateau. The Naoge section is located about 43 km south of Gahai Town, Delingha City, in the northeastern of the Qaidam Basin, with a thickness of approximately 3300 meters. Exposed are the Upper Cretaceous Quanyagou Formation, the Miocene to Pliocene Lower Youshashan Formation, Upper Youshashan Formation, and the Shizigou Formation. The fossil specimens in this study were collected from the Upper Youshashan Formation of the section, at an elevation of 2100 meters, within greenish-gray muddy siltstone. According to paleomagnetic dating, the geological age of the fossil layer is approximately 11 Ma. Our results show that the well-preserved fossil fruits and leaves of the Podocarpium podocarpum were described from the Middle Miocene of the Qaidam Basin, northeast Tibetan Plateau. Furthermore, fossil records from the Tibetan Plateau indicate that the genus had its highest diversity during the Miocene, with a distribution pattern synchronous with global trends, supporting the possibility that the Podocarpium spread and dispersed via low-latitude routes. Thus, global aridification and cooling are unlikely to be the primary causes of the range contraction of the Podocarpium. Instead, further uplift of certain areas of the Tibetan Plateau after the Miocene, by altering precipitation patterns, which may have contributed to the reduction of the Podocarpium's distribution in inland Asia.
- Miocene /
- Podocarpium /
- biogeography /
- Qaidam Basin

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References

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