Responses of surface seawater salinity in the southwest of the Timor Sea to the evolution of the Indonesia Throughflow over the past 620 ka

Cui Yikun; Chang Fengming; Li Tiegang; Sun Hanjie; Nan Qingyun; Liu Tianhao; Wang Jia; Qian Fang

doi:10.11928/j.issn.1001-7410.2020.03.04

2020 Vol. 40, No. 3

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Cui Yikun, Chang Fengming, Li Tiegang, Sun Hanjie, Nan Qingyun, Liu Tianhao, Wang Jia, Qian Fang. Responses of surface seawater salinity in the southwest of the Timor Sea to the evolution of the Indonesia Throughflow over the past 620 ka[J]. Quaternary Sciences, 2020, 40(3): 633-645. doi: 10.11928/j.issn.1001-7410.2020.03.04

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Cui Yikun, Chang Fengming, Li Tiegang, Sun Hanjie, Nan Qingyun, Liu Tianhao, Wang Jia, Qian Fang. Responses of surface seawater salinity in the southwest of the Timor Sea to the evolution of the Indonesia Throughflow over the past 620 ka[J]. Quaternary Sciences, 2020, 40(3): 633-645. doi: 10.11928/j.issn.1001-7410.2020.03.04

Responses of surface seawater salinity in the southwest of the Timor Sea to the evolution of the Indonesia Throughflow over the past 620 ka

1.
Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and Environment, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, Shandong
2.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences. Beijing 100049
3.
Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, Shandong
4.
Laboratory for Marine Geology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, Shandong
5.
Key Laboratory of Marine Sedimentology and Environment Geology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, Shandong
Fund Project:
国家自然科学基金项目（批准号:41830539、41476041、41876041和41706040）、自然资源部"全球变化与海气相互作用"专项项目（批准号:GASI-GEOGE-04和GASI-GEOGE-06-02）、自然资源部第一海洋研究所海洋沉积与环境地质重点实验室开放基金项目（批准号:MASEG201901）和山东省"泰山学者"建设工程专项经费项目（批准号:TSQN20182117）共同资助

More Information

Corresponding authors: Chang Fengming, E-mail: chfm@qdio.ac.cn ; Li Tiegang, E-mail: tgli@fio.org.cn

Received Date: 03 December 2019

Revised Date: 25 February 2020

Publish Date: 30 May 2020

Abstract

Abstract

The Indonesia Throughflow(ITF), which regulates the water and heat exchange between the Pacific Ocean and Indian Ocean, has significant influence on the recent climate and environments in the Indo-Pacific region. Also, it exerted a crucial role in the evolution of regional hydrological conditions during the past times. However, most of the existing studies on the changes of the ITF in geological history are limited to the last glacial period with insufficient knowledge on its evolution over multiple glacial cycles.
International Ocean Discovery Program(IODP)Site U1482(Expedition 363), 535.86 m core composite depth below seafloor(CCSF)in length, is located on the Scott Plateau off the northwest Australian margin at 15°03.32'S, 120°26.10'E and 1466 m below sea level. The site is within the prominent hydrographic front between subtropical water mass in the Eastern Indian Ocean carried northward by the West Australian Current and the tropical waters from the ITF, which makes it suitable for reconstructing the variations of the ITF outflow into the Indian Ocean in the past glacial-interglacial cycles.
In this work, the upper 42.48 m CCSF of Site U1482, with lithology dominated by foraminifera-rich nannofossil ooze, was used to reconstruct the seawater residual oxygen isotope(δ¹⁸O_sw-iv)based on δ¹⁸O and Mg/Ca analyses of planktonic foraminifera Trilobatus sacculifer, and thus to investigate the variations in the sea surface salinity related to the evolution of the ITF over the past 620 ka. Totally, 226 samples, subsampled at intervals of 20 cm, were analyzed, providing an average temporal resolution of 3 ka. In more details, the age model was determined by 14 age tie points, derived from correlating the present δ¹⁸O curve with the standard LR04 stack as well as the last appearance of Globigerinoides ruber(pink)with a well-known age(120 ka)in the Indian Ocean.
The temperature-corrected planktonic foraminiferal δ¹⁸O_sw record constrains global changes in ice volume, yielding a δ¹⁸O_sw-iv record that primarily reflects regional salinity. Our results indicate that the variability of δ¹⁸O_sw-iv show significant precession(23 ka)and obliquity(40 ka)cycles with a weaker 79 ka-period over the past 620 ka, implying the direct responses of regional hydrological conditions to orbital changes. We suggest that the periodic fluctuations of prevailing wind and the meridional migrations of the Intertropical Convergence Zone driven by precession could influence the structure and strength of the ITF, and then the salinity in the southwest of the Timor Sea. And, the 79-ka component for the δ¹⁸O_sw-iv record coincides with the periodic onset of deglaciation, indicating the considerable role of the global sea level fluctuations in the regional hydrology during the glacial cycle that determined the connectivity of the ITF channels among the Indonesian archipelagos. In addition, the variations in the meridional temperature gradient in the southern hemisphere driven by the obliquity of the Earth's orbit could also affect the southward transport of the ITF fresh water to the high-latitude areas, resulting in periodic revolutions of the regional salinity with a prominent 40-ka period during the last six glacial cycles.
- Indonesia Throughflow /
- residual seawater oxygen isotope /
- monsoon /
- relative sea level change /
- meridional temperature gradient

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