Abstract: We report the preliminary comparison of the element abnormity (Cu, Pb, Zn) in the peat profile from Eastern Tibetan Plateau with the ancient culture sequence from Gansu-Qinghai in the upper drifting area of the sample site.Peat cores were drilled every 50cm by specific peat sampler from the Hongyuan peatland in Eastern Tibetan Plateau. The sample site is located in the high terrace of Baihe River, 2km southwest away from Hongyuan County(32°46'42″N, 102°31'0″E), where the sediments were rarely influenced by the fluvial sediments. The element concentration (Pb, Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu, Co, Ni, Ti, V, Al) and ash content proxy are measured at every 8cm and 1cm respectively in peat cores. Variations of all the ten elements are consistent well with each other from 600cm to 300cm; while from 300cm to 1cm variations of most elements are still consistent with that of the ash content, except Cu, Pb, and Zn which changed abnormally. Variations of these three elements are counter to those of the other elements from 300cm to 1cm; and the amplitudes of Pb and Zn concentration in this stage are much larger than those from 600cm to 300cm by about one order of magnitude. The age of the element abnormity started from about 5500aB.P. when the Neolithic and Bronze Age Cultures are well developed in Qinghai-Gansu area at where the upper drifting area of the sample site is located. To decipher the reason of the element abnormity we have compared the element abnormity with the sequence of ancient cultures from the late Neolithic to Bronze Age in the area of Qinghai Province and Gansu Province and found out that these two phenomena are closely correlated to each other, which may indicate that the peat sediment in Hongyuan preserved the information of ancient human activity. Since the variations of the ten elements are consistent well with each other from 600cm to 300cm, it is supposed that the elements of this stage are of the natural background value that is not influenced by human activity. Four elements (Ti, V, Co, Ni) correlated the best with the Pb and Zn are selected for reconstructing the average value of the natural variation of Pb and Zn from 300cm to 1cm, the Pb and Zn signals influenced by human activities are then calculated by subtracting the reconstructed value from the measured sequences. The peak value of the reconstructed human activity at about 5000aB.P. , 4500aB.P. , and 4000aB.P. can be well compared respectively with population excavated from the Banshan Type Culture, the Machang Type Culture, and the Qijia Culture in the famous Liuwan Tombs in Qinghai Province.If the element abnormity of the study site can be further proved to be correlated with ancient human activities, it can be applied to understand the human-nature relationship during the ancient time. Much work such as the geochemistry characters of the bedrock and higher resolution elemental analysis should be taken in the future.