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2018年台湾海峡6.2级地震前地震活动及应力状态研究

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文章导航 > 地球物理学报 > 2023 > 66(4): 1508-1524
刘特培, 谭争光, 李晓慧, 杨选, 刘吉平, 邓志辉. 2023. 2018年台湾海峡6.2级地震前地震活动及应力状态研究. 地球物理学报, 66(4): 1508-1524, doi: 10.6038/cjg2022Q0217
引用本文: 刘特培, 谭争光, 李晓慧, 杨选, 刘吉平, 邓志辉. 2023. 2018年台湾海峡6.2级地震前地震活动及应力状态研究. 地球物理学报, 66(4): 1508-1524, doi: 10.6038/cjg2022Q0217
shu
LIU TePei, TAN ZhengGuang, LI XiaoHui, YANG Xuan, LIU JiPing, DENG ZhiHui. 2023. Research on the seismic activity and stress state before the Taiwan strait 6.2 earthquake in 2018. Chinese Journal of Geophysics (in Chinese), 66(4): 1508-1524, doi: 10.6038/cjg2022Q0217
Citation: LIU TePei, TAN ZhengGuang, LI XiaoHui, YANG Xuan, LIU JiPing, DENG ZhiHui. 2023. Research on the seismic activity and stress state before the Taiwan strait 6.2 earthquake in 2018. Chinese Journal of Geophysics (in Chinese), 66(4): 1508-1524, doi: 10.6038/cjg2022Q0217
shu

2018年台湾海峡6.2级地震前地震活动及应力状态研究

    • 广东省地震局, 广州 510070

  • 基金项目:

    国家自然科学基金(U1901602)和南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海)创新团队项目(99147-42080024)联合资助

详细信息
    作者简介:

    刘特培, 男, 1963年生, 高级工程师, 主要从事数字地震学、地震活动性及地震预报方法研究. E-mail: liutepei@126.com

  • 中图分类号: P315

Research on the seismic activity and stress state before the Taiwan strait 6.2 earthquake in 2018

    • Guangdong Earthquake Agency, Guangzhou 510070, China

    摘要

  • 通过对2018年台湾海峡6.2级地震震中及邻区地震活动、小震震源机制解、地震视应力等资料进行综合分析, 研究了6.2级地震前区域地震活动及应力状态特征, 结合大陆和台湾岛GPS测量资料的分析, 探讨岛陆两地相对运动对区域应力场等的影响.结果表明: (1)地震前5年起上述区域地震活动明显由弱转强, 中小地震及震群活动由海域逐步向粤闽赣湘交界广泛扩散, 表明地震活动增强可能是较大范围应力场增强所致; (2)震源机制和应力场的分析表明, 区域应力场呈现拉张(震前15年)-挤压(震前5年)-拉张(震前半年)的演化特征; 地震视应力计算结果同样显示震前5年开始区域应力水平快速大幅上升并持续至临震前半年转为下降; (3) GPS基线长期观测表明台湾岛相对大陆存在年度"分离-相聚"交替运动, 6.2级地震前两岸经历了"分离-相聚-分离"2次明显的倒转运动, 运动方式倒转时间与应力场及地震活动变化存在准同步性.分析认为台湾海峡及粤闽赣湘交界等区域应力状态及地震活动可能主要受制于两岸相对运动方式, 台湾岛震前持续近5年朝大陆挤压造成区域应力持续增强可能是导致6.2级地震以剪切破裂方式发生的直接因素.菲律宾海板块位于台湾岛东部的动力触角作用可能是造成台湾岛相对大陆往返运动最主要的驱动力.

    Based on the comprehensive analysis of the seismic activity data, the focal mechanism of small earthquakes and the seismic apparent stress data in the epicenter of the 2018 M6.2 Taiwan Strait earthquake and its adjacent areas, the characteristics of regional seismic activity and stress state before the M6.2 earthquake were studied. Combined with the analysis of the GPS measurement data of Chinese continent and Taiwan Island, the influence of the relative motion between Chinese continent and Taiwan Island on the regional stress field was discussed. The results show that: (1) in the 5-year period prior to the 6.2 earthquake, the seismicity in the study area had obviously changed from weak to strong, with small-and-medium earthquakes and swarm activities gradually spreading from the sea area to the border region of Guangdong-Fujian-Jiangxi-Hunan provinces, indicating that the enhancement of seismic activity may be caused by the strengthening of the stress field in a larger area; (2) the analyses of focal mechanism and the stress field show that the evolution of the regional stress field in the study area is characterized by tension (15 years before the 6.2 earthquake)-compression (5 years before the 6.2 earthquake)-tension (6 months before the 6.2 earthquake). Calculated seismic apparent stress also showed that the regional stress level in the study area increased rapidly, and followed by substantially declining for a period from 5 years before the 6.2 earthquake to six months before the impending earthquake; (3) the GPS baseline long-time observation showed that there is annual "convergence-separation" alternating movement in the Taiwan Island relative to the continent. Before the 6.2 earthquake, the cross-strait experienced two obvious reverse movements of "separation-convergence-separation" and the reverse time in the convergence-separation mode had quasi-synchronous with changes of the stress field and seismic activity in the study area. The analyses shows that the stress state and seismic activity in the Taiwan Strait and bordering region in Guangdong-Fujian-Jiangxi-Hunan may be mainly controlled by the relative motion modes of the cross strait, and that the occurrence of the 6.2 earthquake in shear rupture mode could be led by the direct factor as in the continuous strengthening of the regional stress field caused by the Taiwan Island extrusion towards the continent for nearly 5 years prior the 6.2 earthquake. The dynamic tentacle effect of the Philippine Sea plate to the east of Taiwan may be the main driving force of the round-trip movement of the Taiwan Island relative to the continent.

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  • 图 1 

    台湾海峡6.2级震区及附近主要断裂构造，1067年以来历史地震震中(M≥5.0)分布及部分地震震源机制解图(据陈棋福, 2002, 略做修改)

    Figure 1. 

    Major fracture structure in Taiwan Strait M6.2 earthquake area and nearby, the distribution of historical earthquake epicenter (M≥5.0) since 1067 and focal mechanism solutions of partial earthquakes (according to Chen Qifu, 2002, slightly modified)

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图 2 

    地震研究区(橙色框)、2010年1月至2018年11月地震震中分布(ML≥2.5)

    Figure 2. 

    Seismic research area (orange box), epicenter distribution from January 2010 to November 2018 (ML≥2.5)

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图 3 

    研究区内2010年以来ML≥2.5地震M-T图(a)和不同起始震级年频次图(b—d)

    Figure 3. 

    M-T plots (a) and annual frequencies of different onset magnitudes of earthquakes with ML≥2.5 since 2010 (b—d) in the research area

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图 4 

    研究区小震震源机制解P，T轴倾角时序变化图(等间隔)

    Figure 4. 

    Time-series variation of dip angle of P and T axis of focal mechanism solutions of small earthquakes in the research area (equal-interval). Solid red line: P axis inclination; Dotted line in green: T axis inclination

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图 5 

    研究区应力场第1、2和3阶段(a, b, c)及台海7.3级震区小震震源机制分布图(d)

    Figure 5. 

    The distribution of the focal mechanism of the stress field in research area in the first, second and third stages (a, b, c) and the MS7.3 earthquake area in the Taiwan Strait (d)

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图 6 

    (a) 计算视应力地震分布(ML2.6~3.4，2010-01—2018-11)；(b) 地震视应力随时间的变化；(c) 视应力≥0.50 MPa空间分布(2013-12—2018-11)

    Figure 6. 

    (a) Earthquakes distribution by calculating the apparent stress (ML2.6~3.4, 2010—2018); (b) Temporal variation of apparent stress; (c) Spatial distribution of apparent stress ≥0.50 MPa (2013-12—2018-11)

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图 7 

    (a) GPS基站分布图；(b) 粤闽赣交界基站相与桃园基站GPS 8条基线时间序列图；(c) 广州—桃园基线时间序列图

    Figure 7. 

    (a) Distribution of GPS base stations; (b) Time series diagram of 8 GPS baselines between base stations at the junction of Guangdong, Fujian and Jiangxi province relative to Taoyuan base Station; (c) Time sequence curve of Guangzhou—Taoyuan Baseline

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    表 1 

    台湾海峡6.2级震前研究区各时段应力场反演

    Table 1. 

    Inversion of stress field in study area before Taiwan Strait MS6.2 earthquake

    时间段 区域 σ1 σ2 σ3 R
    方位(°) 倾角(°) 方位(°) 倾角(°) 方位(°) 倾角(°)
    2010-01—2013-11
    (第1阶段)    		 112.3°E—121.3°E
    23.0 °N—26.3°N    		 125.1 46.5 343.7 46.5 232.5 26.0 0.3
    2013-12—2018-05
    (第2阶段)    		 112.3°E—121.3°E
    23.0 °N—26.3°N    		 118.0 14.0 243.1 67.0 11.0 15 0.6
    2018-06—2018-11
    (第3阶段)    		 112.3°E—121.3°E
    23.0°N—26.3°N
    未做反演    		 推测与第一阶段
    结果相似
    2010-01—2018-11
    (整个研究时段)    		 118.3°E—118.9°E
    22.0°N—22.9°N
    (台海7.3级震区)    		 270.9 71.0 139.0 12.9 46.1 13.6 0.2
    注: R=(σ2-σ3)/(σ1-σ3). σ1、σ2和σ3为最大、中等和最小主压应力.
    下载: 导出CSV
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收稿日期:  2022-04-02
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