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摘要:
对四川盆地东北部巴中地区和西部雅安地区早白垩世红层分别采集9块手标本，进行了详细的古地磁学研究.系统退磁获得两地的特征剩磁，其中巴中地区平均方向为，倾斜校正之前：Dg/Ig=25.3°/19.0°，k=18.6，α95=8.8°；倾斜校正之后：Ds/Is=25.8°/18.9°，k=24.3，α95=7.6°.雅安地区平均方向为，倾斜校正之前：Dg/Ig=24.5°/45.0°，k=15.7，α95=9.0°；倾斜校正之后：Ds/Is=356.7°/35.6°，k=28.5，α95=6.6°.磁化率各向异性实验结果显示两地均未受到显著的构造应力影响.等温剩磁各向异性（AIR）实验结果，巴中地区IRMz/IRMx平均值为0.8194，表明18%的压实率；雅安地区IRMz/IRMx平均值为0.8909，表明11%的压实率，计算得到巴中和雅安地区校正后的磁倾角分别为22.7°和38.8°.根据等温剩磁各向异性（AIR）实验和Tauxe and Kent（2004）提出的EI校正法得到的结果表明，四川盆地早白垩世陆相碎屑岩层中存在沉积压实作用造成的磁倾角偏低现象，而且川东北巴中地区的偏低程度强于川西雅安地区.
Abstract:Totally eighteen orientated block samples of the Early Cretaceous red beds were collected from Bazhong and Ya'an areas in northeast and west Sichuan Basin, respectively. Detailed paleomagnetic studies were carried out. Stepwise thermal demagnetization was used to isolate the characteristic higher temperature component (HTC) from the Bazhong (Ds/Is=25.8/18.9°, k=24.3, α95=7.6°) and Ya'an (Ds/Is=356.7/35.6°, k=28.5, α95=6.6°) areas. The anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) results of the two areas both are intermediate fabric and reveal the presence of sedimentary origin fabric. Results obtained from the anisotropy of the isothermal remanence (AIR) method indicate that distinct inclination flattening occurred in our samples. The mean values of IRMz/IRMx, which are 0.8194 and 0.8909 for samples from Bazhong and Ya'an area, suggest 18% and 11% compaction rate, respectively. The results obtained from both anisotropy of the isothermal remanence (AIR) method and corrected results of the elongation/inclination model of Tauxe and Kent (2004) indicate the presence of obvious inclination shallowing of the Early Cretaceous red beds in Sichuan Basin, which is caused by sedimentation and/or compaction, and the compaction intensity in Bazhong area (northeastern Sichuan Basin) is much higher than that of Ya'an area (western Sichuan Basin).
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图 1
(a) 中国及临区大地构造简图 (修绘自Yang et al., 1992)；(b) 四川盆地区域地质简图(修绘自《中国地质图集》) (马丽芳, 2002)
Figure 1.
(a) Simplified tectonic map of China and adjacent area (modified from Yang et al., 1992)；(b) Geological map of the Sichuan Basin (modified from《Geological Atlas of China》 in Ma, 2002)
图 2
巴中地区1:200000地质简图 (修绘自Wang et al., 2013)
Figure 2.
Simplified geological map of Bazhong area (modified from Wang et al., 2013)
图 3
雅安地区采样区地质简图(修绘自Enkin et al., 1991b)
Figure 3.
Geological map of Ya′an area (modified from Enkin et al., 1991b)
图 5
雅安地区早白垩世样品
Figure 5.
(a) Isothermal remanent magnetization acquisition and opposite field demagnetization curves of red bed sample；(b) Three-component IRM thermal demagnetization curves of red bed sample
图 6
代表样品系统热退磁的天然剩磁矢量图
Figure 6.
Representative Zijderveld diagrams of thermal demagnetization of natural remnant magnetism (NRM) from the Early Cretaceous samples (in situ coordinates). Solid circles, horizontal projection; Open circles, vertical projection
图 7
巴中 (a, b) 和雅安地区 (c, d) 以样品为单位统计的低温分量 (LTC) 倾斜校正前后等面积投影图
Figure 7.
Equal-area stereographic projections of low temperature components (LTC) for samples from Bazhong (a, b) and Ya′an (c, d) areas before and after tilt correction
图 8
巴中 (a, b) 和雅安 (c, d) 地区以样品为单位统计的高温分量 (HTC) 倾斜校正前后等面积投影图 (实心圆、空心圆分别代表上、下球面投影)
Figure 8.
Equal-area stereographic projections of high temperature components (HTC) for samples from Bazhong (a, b) and Ya′an (c, d) areas before and after tilt correction. Lower (upper) hemisphere directions are marked with closed (open) symbols
图 9
巴中和雅安地区样品磁化率各向异性 (AMS) 数据在地理 (a, b)和地层 (c, d) 坐标下等面积投影图；形状参数 (T) 与各向异性度 (Pj)关系图 (e, f)
Figure 9.
Stereographic projection of AMS data in geographic (a, b) and stratigraphic coordinates (c, d) of sample from Bazhong and Ya′an areas, respectively. Plots of shape parameter (T) versus anisotropy degree (Pj) of samples from Bazhong (e) and Ya′an areas (f), respectively. K1=maximum, K2=intermediate, K3=minimum. N is number of samples
图 10
巴中和雅安代表性样品以45°角逐步递增外加磁场过程中，IRMx (平行与地层层面)和IRMz (垂直于地层层面) 对比图 (a, d)； 外加磁场强度10~800 mT过程中IRMz/IRMx对比图 (b, e)； 热退磁过程中IRMz/IRMx对比图 (c, f)
Figure 10.
Plots of IRMx (parallel to bedding) and IRMz (perpendicular to bedding) acquisitions produced by applying magnetic field at 45°to bedding as function of increasing field (a, d). The slope (IRMz/IRMx) of the least\-squares-fit for data points between 200 mT and 800 mT (b, e) is used to estimate the magnetic anisotropy of hematite. The slope of the thermal demagnetization of IRMz and IRMx between 600 ℃ and 680 ℃ (c, f)
图 11
巴中地区古地磁数据(Wang et al., 2013)的E/I校正结果
Figure 11.
(a) Equal area projection of paleomagnetic direction of samples from Wang et al. (2013)； (b) Left: plots of elongation and inclination versus different values of f for Bazhong area；(c) Middle: elongation versus inclination plots for TK03.GAD model and for the paleomagnetic data for different values of f for Bazhong area; (d) The crossing points represent the inclination/ elongation pair most consistent with the TK03.GAD. Right: crossing points from bootstrapped datasets of Bazhong area
表 1
巴中和雅安地区样品等温剩磁各向异性(AIR)数据表
Table 1.
Anisotropy of isothermal remanent magnetization for early Cretaceous red beds at Bazhong and Ya′an area, respectively
样品号 进行AIR
实验样
品数实测
倾角
(Iobs)校正
倾角
(IF)IRMz/IRMx
(200~800 mT
获得)IRMz/IRMx
(600~680 ℃
获得)巴中 TK2 4 28.9 32.4 0.9201 0.8701 TK4 5 10.5 14.3 0.8896 0.7270 TK8 6 32.2 36.8 0.9545 0.8459 TK9 5 11.9 14.2 0.9308 0.8348 平均 0.9237 0.8194 雅安 YK3 4 45.6 51.7 0.9461 0.8039 YK4 4 25.7 27.4 1.0725 0.9256 YK5 5 31.1 32.9 1.0532 0.9384 YK7 4 39.5 40.9 1.0209 0.9509 YK8 3 36.7 41.4 0.9158 0.8437 平均 1.0017 0.8909 
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