The severe winter of 1308/1309 in the Taihu Lake Basin recorded in Yunshan Diary
Chen Siying1,2, Su Yun1,2
1. Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disaster, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875;
2. Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875
Abstract：The private diary is one kind of the most important materials used in studying climate change in the historical period. Compared to other historical documents, diaries are advantageous in high temporal resolution and high reliability. Yunshan Diary, written by Guo Bi in the Yuan Dynasty, records his work and life experience day by day from September 12 1308 to December 2 1309. The records relating to weather and climate in this diary were extracted, including daily weather records, phenology records and species distribution records. Based on them, the climatic characteristics of Taihu Lake Basin in the year of 1308/1309 are analyzed. Taihu Lake Basin roughly covers southern Jiangsu Province, Shanghai City, and northern Zhejiang Province. As a result, the winter of 1308/1309 is proved to be abnormally cold over Taihu Lake Basin, which may have a certain similarity with modern extremely cold years. Based on the daily weather records, at least four cold waves can be identified from December 1308 to February 1309. In January 1309, Jiangnan Canal was completely frozen for at least 3 days, which indicates that the minimum temperature might fall below-13℃. In February 1309, snowfall continued for 8 days and snow cover continued for 10 days in Changzhou-Zhenjiang area, and the snow cover is deep enough to bury the road. All of the cold events above are rare in this region. According to the phenology record, the first snow in Huzhou in the winter of 1308/1309 occurred on December 14 1308, which is 17 days earlier than the modern average first-snow date. On a multi-decadal scale, the citrus distribution range recorded in the Yunshan Diary had shifted significantly southward compared with that in the middle of the 13th century. Therefore, it can be considered that in the early 14th century at the latest, the climate in Eastern China had begun to turn cold. This reflects the transition from the Medieval Warm Period to the Little Ice Age.
陈思颖, 苏筠. 《云山日记》记录的太湖流域1308~1309年寒冬[J]. 第四纪研究, 2020, 40(5): 1193-1202.
Chen Siying, Su Yun. The severe winter of 1308/1309 in the Taihu Lake Basin recorded in Yunshan Diary. Quaternary Sciences, 2020, 40(5): 1193-1202.
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2020, Vol. 40 
