Application of XRF core scanning method in Late Holocene environment change study derived from a peat core from southwestern Guizhou， Southwestern China
Yang Huan1, Zeng Mengxiu1, Peng Haijun2, Li Kai3, Li Fengquan1, Zhu Lidong1, Deng Bolong4, Liao Mengna3, Ni Jian3
1. College of Geography and Environment Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, Zhejiang;
2. State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, Guizhou;
3. College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, Zhejiang;
4. Wetland Protection Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550001, Guizhou
Abstract：X-ray fluorescence (XRF) core scanning is a method that has been widely used in loess, marine and lacustrine sediments. The application of this method in peat needs to be further enhanced. In this study, a 300-cm peat drilling core XY1801 (25.28°N, 104.82°E; 1317 m. a.s.l.) from Xingyi peatland in karst region, southwestern Guizhou Province was selected to scan with high resolution XRF. Furthermore, the water content, chromaticity (L*, a*, b*) and carbonate content in Xingyi peat were also measured. Based on the analysis of contents and ratios of Rb, Ti, Zr, Al, Si, Ca, Sr, Mg, chromaticity, humification and other proxies of Xingyi peat, and in combination of the principal component analysis method, this paper discussed the material source of elements, the environmental significances of element contents/ratios, and the recorded paleoenvironment evolution history in and around Xingyi peatland during Late Holocene. Based on the chronological framework constructed by AMS14C dating, the results are shown below. (1) XRF core scanning analysis can achieve ideal results in the research of Xingyi peat, and the element records greatly corresponding to the data obtained by traditional methods. The content of Ca from XRF core scanning coincides well with the carbonate content measured by gas volume method. Furthermore, the variation trend of L* and b* obtained by XRF core scanning and colorimeter is also coincident. The correlation coefficient of L* observed from these two methods is 0.99 (P< 0.01), and that of b* is 0.91 (P< 0.01). Moreover, the measured results of a* from these two methods have slightly different due to the influence of sample characteristics and the difference during experimental process. However, the numerical similarity of a* is still high, the correlation coefficient is 0.92 at the 0.01 significance level. (2) Through the analysis of the contents of geochemical elements in Xingyi peat, carbonate weathering process and weathering profiles in karst region, it can be found that the sources of geochemical elements in Xingyi peat are mainly from proximal material. Geochemical elements separated out from the surrounding carbonate and eventually deposited in the peatland during the processes of weathering, leaching, transporting, depositing and illuviation. (3) The correlation coefficient between Sr/Ca ratio and Ca element content is-0.38 (P< 0.01), and the correlation coefficient of Sr/Ca ratio and Sr element content is-0.03 (P< 0.01), indicating that Ca element content has more significant influence on Sr/Ca ratio; the correlation between Si/Al ratio and Si element content in Xingyi peat (R2=0.33, P<0.01) is higher than that between Si/Al ratio and Al element content (R2=-0.02, P<0.01), thus the ratio is more obviously affected by Si element; the Rb/Sr ratio is also more related to Rb element. It can be concluded that the climate is dry when Sr/Ca ratio is in high value, and the ratios of Rb/Sr and Si/Al are in low values; and vice versa. (4) Based on the comparative analysis of Ca, Mg, Al, Si, Rb/Sr, Si/Al, Sr/Ca, LOI, humification degree and carbon accumulation rate in Xingyi peat, it is found that the precipitation in Xingyi area decreased during 3270~2700 cal. a B. P, increased steadily during 2700~2300 cal.a B. P., and decreased continuously during 2300~1670 cal.a B. P. (5) Through the principal component analysis of the main elements in Xingyi peat, it can be observed that the first principal component (F1) of Xingyi peat includes Al, Si, Mg, is as ideal index can be considered as a comprehensive factor reflecting precipitation and runoff in the basin; the second principal component (F2) includes Sr, Ca and other elements, is closely related to carbonate input and bedrock in and around of the surrounding karst landform area; the third principal component (F3) includes Rb, Zr and Ti, is related to stable particles. (6) The climate evolution history reconstructed from Xingyi peat is consistent with G.bulloides percentage in Hole 723A from the Arabian Sea and several paleoenvironmental records from southwestern monsoon-dominated region, which all reflect that the climate environment is generally dry during the Late Holocene. Interestingly, the records of Xingyi peat reflect that 2700~2300 cal.a B. P. was a humid period lasting for nearly 400 years, which are also supported by many previous researches, while are not significant in some sporopollen records. XRF core scanning and the research of Xingyi peat in karst area is helpful to deepen the understanding of the paleoclimate in subtropical Southwest China, and extend the utilization of XRF core scanning in peat record.
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Yang Huan, Zeng Mengxiu, Peng Haijun, Li Kai, Li Fengquan, Zhu Lidong, Deng Bolong, Liao Mengna, Ni Jian. Application of XRF core scanning method in Late Holocene environment change study derived from a peat core from southwestern Guizhou， Southwestern China. Quaternary Sciences, 2020, 40(5): 1154-1169.
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2020, Vol. 40 
